Adobe PDF (648.18 kB)
Title Details:
The Atmosphere in Hydrostatic Equilibrium
Other Titles: Gravity and Amospheric Pressure
Authors: Haldoupis, Christos
Reviewer: Christakis, Nikolaos
Subject: NATURAL SCIENCES AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES > EARTH SCIENCES
NATURAL SCIENCES AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES > EARTH SCIENCES > METEOROLOGY
Keywords:
Amospheric Physics
Solar And Terrestrial Radiation
Atmospheric Electricity
Atmospheric Thermodynamics
Cloud Physics
Atmospheric Dynamics
Ionospheric Physics
Description:
Abstract:
The reason for the presence of the atmosphere is the earth’s gravitational field. In this chapter, the atmospheric motions are ignored and the atmosphere is assumed to be in static equilibrium, which means that the force of gravity is balanced by the vertical pressure gradient force. First, the hydrostatic equation of the atmosphere is derived and then applied to investigate the variations with altitude of various atmospheric parameters, e.g., pressure, density, number density. Also studied here is the gravitational separation of heavy from light air constituents and the role of molecular diffusion.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 2. The Atmosphere in Hydrostatic equilibrium (18 pages)

2.1. The Earth's Field of Gravity
2.1.1. Effective gravity
2.1.2. Geopotential and escape velocity
2.2. Hydrostatic Equation of the Atmosphere
2.2.1. Homogeneous atmosphere and scale height
2.2.2. Isothermal atmosphere
2.2.3. Polytropic atmosphere
2.2.4. General form of hydrostatic equation
2.2.5. Calculations of atmospheric mass
2.3. Gravitational Separation and Molecular Diffusion
2.3.1. Estimation of molecular diffusion time
Chapter 2. Exercises
Chapter 2. Bibliography
Technical Editors: Gkikopoulos, Nikolaos
Type: Chapter
Creation Date: 2015
Item Details:
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/gr
Handle http://hdl.handle.net/11419/3275
Bibliographic Reference: Haldoupis, C. (2015). The Atmosphere in Hydrostatic Equilibrium [Chapter]. In Haldoupis, C. 2015. Introduction to Atmospheric Physics [Undergraduate textbook]. Kallipos, Open Academic Editions. https://hdl.handle.net/11419/3275
Language: Greek
Is Part of: Introduction to Atmospheric Physics
Number of pages 18
Publication Origin: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions